6G in telecommunication means the sixth-generation wireless network technology. The wireless technology is intended to support cellular data faster than the predecessor 5G network. The 6G networks have not been introduced, but most companies worldwide have shown interest in deploying broadband cellular network in their commercial plans. While many studies are already looking into implementing the network in the future, reports claim the network will speed up many development processes saving a substantial amount of time compared to previous networks.
Let's learn more about 6G!
Part 1: 6G Network Introduction
Similarly, the network is expected to facilitate and support extensive improvements in fields like imaging, location awareness, and presence technology. The network is also opted to work with other technology niches such as Artificial Intelligence to enable the computational infrastructure of 6G to make significant decisions based on data processing, sharing, and storage while representing the least latency.
Many advantages are expected compared to the 5G network that is already applicable in major cities and towns, especially in countries like the US, UK, and Australia. Besides extending the scope of capabilities demonstrated by 5G, the 6G network will support the increasingly innovative application under the realms of wireless technology connectivity and communication, imaging, and cognition. The expectations could lead to potentially significant advances across the globe as several processes will become more seamlessly integrated as part of the 6G technology's computational infrastructure.
The commercial industry's communication systems are turning their eyes and giving recommendations to how the development of the 6G wireless technology should look like even in the early development of the 5G network.
If the 6G network technology can meet the commercial and mobile communications needs when launched, more innovations will unveil while existing systems that require improvements will likely meet anticipated goals. Hence, the advancement will transform wireless technology, and huge investments that happen due to the current technology level will undoubtedly have much more excellent support.
Looking into the 6G developments, many research projects are ongoing to determine what might be possible and everything needed to make 6G more significant. While the 5G network is still developing, the 6G network will likely depend on the downfalls that the predecessor network generation experience and other anticipated upgrades regarding compatibility with multiple industries that might need it to become useful.
Take the example where many people worldwide are increasingly using the internet of things and inter-vehicle connectivity and communication in the automotive industry. 6G will likely address such and many other technology projects to levels that are potential that what 5G could not meet.
Take a look at the following key factors that 6G wireless systems are likely to have to deliver volume spectral efficiency.
- High network capacity
- Enhanced data security
- AI integrated communication
- Massive machine-type communication
- Tactile internet
- Low backhaul and access network congestion
- Ultra-reliable low latency communication
- Enhanced mobile broadband
- Satellite integrate network
- Connected intelligence
- Seamless integration of energy transfer and wireless information
- Ubiquitous super 3D connectivity
- Softwarization and virtualization
What are the key technologies that will enable 6G wireless communication? The 6G systems must have driving technologies to ensure that previous wireless network generations' deficiencies are solved. These technologies are as follows:
- Artificial intelligence
- Terahertz communications
- Optical wireless technology
- Massive multiple input, multiple output technique
- FSO backhaul network
- 3D networking
- Unmanned aerial vehicle
- Quantum communication
- Blockchain
- Cell-free communication
- Big Data analytics
- Holographic beamforming
- Integration of access-backhaul networks
- Integration of sensing and communication
Why talk about 6G networks now? A lot of hype is going spreading around concerning the 6G network, even though it does not exist yet. The telecommunication industry is in its early stages of developing the 5G network, as seen in many countries across the globe. You can expect many things to be labeled 6G in the market or over various websites tending to oversee the significant issues involving the 6G developments and its frequency bands. While that is not true, beware that the widespread deployment of 6G will be completed around 2028 to 2030. No advances in technology are deploying the 6G ideas into reality yet; therefore, it's early to get excited about it.
Part 2: When will 6G come out?
The 6G network is expected to launch in 2030 officially.
At the moment, early discussions, research projects, and developments will bring the 6G network into reality in the future. The development of a 6G wireless network is based on the demand for extreme speed in various innovations that require huge investments in wireless network technologies. Similarly, the development is driven by the increasingly distributed radio access network (RAN) and the urge to utilize the terahertz spectrum to deliver increased capacity, low latency, and data sharing efficiency.
In this development, 6G is looking to solve many problems associated with deploying the mmWave for the 5G network, among other issues that the predecessor network generation might not address to full capacity.
Part 3: where is 6G applied?
While looking into the 6G applications, beware that the 5G network had a clear vision to penetrate society worldwide to bring a broad information ecosystem centered on users. However, there is a long way to go due to the limited standardization time and maturity of existing network generations regarding technology development.
From the experiences in the telecommunication industry, there still are deficiencies in the information exchange. The requirements of the internet of things around the world and the rapid expansion of human activities and technical fields demand a more comprehensive and diverse wireless network technology, something that 6G is looking to deliver. 10 years later, we will have the 6G network meet various information interaction needs even after full development of the 5G network.
Typically, the 6G network looks to meet significant development trends in intelligent connectivity, deep connectivity, holographic connectivity, and ubiquitous connectivity. The 5G connectivity and communication capabilities and efficiency can hardly meet the truly anticipated ubiquitous connectivity but rather emphasizes the number of throughput connections instead of real-time performance. Generally, the 6G network has a vision that requires reliability, massive connectivity, real-time, and throughput requirements to offer an effective solution to the new and considerable challenges to communication networks.
With that said, 6G will be applicable on various projects based on various industries. Even though new communication technologies will be further developed, some will build on the already existing 5G establishments. The critical application of the 6G wireless network is described below.
Extended reality (XR): 6G will offer augmented reality, virtual reality, and mixed reality in the communication systems. These features will combine artificial intelligence and 3D objects to provide perceptual requirements for cognition, computing, storage, physiology, and human senses. The technologies will generate realistic sensations and replicate real environments to create visualizations and atmospheres to interact real-time.
Robotics and autonomous systems: 6G wireless technology will deploy connected robots and autonomous systems to change daily lifestyles. A good example includes the self-driven cars that perceive the surrounding using sensors such as GPS, light detection and ranging, sonar, radar, and odometry.
Super-smart society: 6G will be used in creating a smart society that will improve quality of life, environmental monitoring, and automation with the help of artificial intelligence communication and energy harvesting. Society will adopt the use of smart mobile devices and autonomous cars while controlling everything remotely.
Wireless brain-computer interaction: This is a process of a direct communication path between the brain and external devices through the transmission of brain signals to a digital device that will analyze and interpret signals into actions. 6G will contribute to the development of these BCI systems to improve smart life.
Smart healthcare: 6G will play an essential role in medical health systems to build better healthcare. Innovations such as holographic, AI, and mobile edge computing will be integrated into the health systems to help even in remote surgery and vast transport volumes of medical information to improve care quality.
Automation and Manufacturing: 6G will contribute to automatic control of processes, devices, and systems to deliver high reliability and low latency. Automation will also ensure error-free data transfer in various fields and reduce data loss in the process of transmission and reception.
Internet of everything: 6G will take part in the integration and coordination of computing elements, objects, people, processes, sensors, and data through the internet infrastructure. Besides providing full support, the 6G network will ensure efficient communication and intelligence to develop a smart society, smart health, and smart industries.
Part 4: 6G vs. 5G: Speed Comparison
5G is barely available in most countries in the globe because it is in its early development stages. However, there is broader coverage in countries like the US, UK, Australia, and few others that access commercial rollout. Don't be surprised because even 4G is just arriving in some parts of the world. However, some countries are already planning for the 6G network that is likely to be unveiled in the future. So, how does the 6G network differ from 5G? Check out the following few points for a clear picture of the two wireless networks.
- While both 5G and 6G use high frequencies on the wireless spectrum for data transmission, 5G tends to occupy less broadband frequency of sub-6GHz and higher band frequency above 24.25 GHz.
- While the 5G network makes the internet of things a practical everyday reality, the 6G network speeds the process to gain widespread traction and ensures smart devices function optimally.
- Neither 5G nor 6G will replace the predecessor network generations. Every network is struggling with its infrastructure requirement and that of the previous network to enhance connectivity.
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Nicola Massimo
staff Editor